Flare-Up Crisis Plan: A DBT-Informed Distress Tolerance Plan for Long COVID Flares

Long COVID · DBT · Emerging

A DBT-informed distress tolerance plan for symptom flares, built while the client is settled rather than mid-flare: a radical acceptance statement, early warning signs, a distress tolerance skills menu (STOP, gentle self-soothe, paced breathing, radical acceptance, adapted opposite action, pros and cons), a pushing-through-versus-pacing-through comparison, and an if-then plan with a support contact list.

Underlying mechanism: DBT Distress Tolerance: A Flare-Response Plan for Post-Exertional Symptom Exacerbation

What it helps with

  • Removing the need to make good pacing decisions while at the client's most physiologically depleted.
  • Reframing a flare as a physiological response, not a personal failure, through a rehearsed radical acceptance statement.
  • Adapting classic DBT distress tolerance skills to genuinely low-exertion versions suitable for a Long COVID flare.
  • Giving the client a concrete, pre-written comparison to reread when the urge to push through is strongest.

How clinicians use it

  • Build the plan collaboratively with the client while they are feeling settled, never during an active flare.
  • Cover each distress tolerance skill in session, checking suitability given the client's specific symptoms.
  • Deliberately exclude classic cold-water or ice-based distress tolerance techniques without the client's medical team's sign-off, since some Long COVID symptoms (such as POTS) make sudden temperature change unsuitable.
  • Keep the finished plan somewhere the client can genuinely find it in the moment they need it.

Clinical Implementation Guide

  1. Build the plan in Session 7, only while the client is regulated.
  2. Rehearse each distress tolerance skill in session, not just describe it.
  3. Confirm any temperature-based technique with the client's medical team before including it — or leave it out.

What the worksheet looks like

Flare-Up Crisis Plan — worked example
SkillHow to Use It
STOPStop, step back, observe what is happening in the body, then choose rather than react
Self-soothe, gentlyA comfort object, calming sound, soft blanket or scent, kept within reach
Paced breathingSoothing-rhythm breathing, seated and unhurried
Radical acceptanceRepeat the acceptance statement without arguing with reality, as many times as needed
Opposite action, adaptedA small, gentle, values-aligned act instead of catastrophising or pushing through

Clinical cautions

Classic cold-water or ice-based distress tolerance techniques are not included without medical sign-off given possible cardiovascular or autonomic symptoms. A flare is a physiological response, not a personal failure — frame the plan that way explicitly. This tool does not diagnose any condition and is not a substitute for individual face-to-face therapy or for emergency crisis support. Anyone in immediate distress should contact their local emergency service or crisis line.

References

  1. Linehan, M. M. (2014). DBT Skills Training Manual (2nd ed.). Guilford Press.

Part of

The Energy Envelope

Related worksheets

Next steps

  • Browse the full clinical resource library — every worksheet, free and printable.
  • New worksheets, as they are published. One short email when a new evidence-based worksheet goes up — the sign-up form is at the foot of this page once it has finished loading. No client information, unsubscribe in one click.
  • Professional and Studio workflows — saved Client Packs, secure delivery and programme publishing when you need more than individual free resources.